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What Is the Closest Metropolitan Area to Me

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Administrative unit of measurement of a dumbo urban core and its satellite cities

"Metro area" redirects hither. For the dance music duo, see Metro Surface area.

A metropolitan surface area or metro is a region consisting of a densely populated Urban Agglomeration and its surrounding territories sharing industries, commercial areas, transport network, infrastructures and housing.[1] [ii] A metro surface area ordinarily comprises multiple principal cities, jurisdictions and municipalities: neighborhoods, townships, boroughs, cities, towns, exurbs, suburbs, counties, districts, and fifty-fifty states and nations similar the eurodistricts. Equally social, economical and political institutions have changed, metropolitan areas have get fundamental economic and political regions.[3]

Metropolitan areas include satellite cities, towns and intervening rural areas that are socioeconomically tied to the principal cities or urban core, typically measured past commuting patterns.[4] Some metropolitan areas are anchored by one cadre city such every bit Paris metropolitan area (Paris), Mumbai Metropolitan Region (Bombay (Bombay). In many cases metropolitan areas take multiple centers of close to equal importance, such as Dallas–Fort Worth metropolitan surface area (Dallas and Fort Worth), Islamabad–Rawalpindi metropolitan area (Islamabad and Rawalpindi), the Rhine-Ruhr in Deutschland and the Randstad in the Netherlands. [5]

In the United States, the concept of the metropolitan statistical area has gained prominence. The surface area of Greater Washington Washington metropolitan expanse is an example of statistically group independent cities and canton areas from various states to form a larger city ( The Un Top eighty worldwide Listing of largest cities) because of proximity, history and recent urban convergence. Metropolitan areas may themselves be part of larger megalopolises. For urban centres outside metropolitan areas, that generate a similar attraction at smaller calibration for their region, the concept of the regiopolis and respectively regiopolitan expanse or regio was introduced by German professors in 2006.[half dozen] In the United States, the term micropolitan statistical area is used.

General definition [edit]

A metropolitan area combines an urban agglomeration (the contiguous, congenital-up area) with zones not necessarily urban in graphic symbol, but closely bound to the center by employment or other commerce. These outlying zones are sometimes known as a commuter belt, and may extend well beyond the urban zone, to other political entities. For case, Islip, New York on Long Island is considered part of the New York metropolitan area.

In practice, the parameters of metropolitan areas, in both official and unofficial usage, are non consistent. Sometimes they are niggling dissimilar from an urban surface area, and in other cases they cover broad regions that have little relation to a single urban settlement; comparative statistics for metropolitan area should accept this into business relationship. The term "Metropolitan" can as well refer to a county-level municipal government structure, with some shared services betwixt a central city and its suburbs, which may or may not include the entirety of a metropolitan area. Population figures given for one metro area can vary by millions.

In economic terms, a metropolitan expanse is usually of a high level of activity within the service sector, making up the majority of the area'south labor market. In item, services such as recruiting, staffing, consulting, outsourcing, legal services, investment, cyberbanking, and insurance services are promoted in the metropolitan expanse, as these services often bridge over wider geographical areas, which is what the metropolitan area is known for offering. Merchandise between metropolitan areas is common because of this, and works just like for example international merchandise, where two or more than parties place comparative advantages, then utilize these to engage in mutually beneficial substitution.

At that place has been no pregnant change in the basic concept of metropolitan areas since its adoption in 1950,[7] although meaning changes in geographic distributions have occurred since so, and more than are expected.[eight] Because of the fluidity of the term "metropolitan statistical area," the term used colloquially is more oftentimes "metro service expanse," "metro surface area," or "MSA" taken to include not only a city, merely also surrounding suburban, exurban and sometimes rural areas, all which it is presumed to influence. A polycentric metropolitan area contains multiple urban agglomerations not connected past continuous evolution. In defining a metropolitan area, it is sufficient that a metropolis or cities form a nucleus with which other areas have a loftier degree of integration.

Run into likewise the many lists of metropolitan areas itemized at § Lists of metropolitan areas.

History [edit]

Australia [edit]

The Australian Agency of Statistics uses Greater Upper-case letter City Statistical Areas (GCCSAs), which are geographical areas designed to represent the functional extent of each of the 8 Land and Territory uppercase cities. They were designed to reflect labour markets, using the 2011 Census "travel to work" data. Labour markets are sometimes used equally proxy measures of the functional extent of a city every bit it contains the majority of the commuting population. GCCSAs replaced "Statistical Divisions" used until 2011.[9] [a]

Other Metropolitan areas in Australia include cantankerous edge cities or continuous built-up areas between two or more cities that are continued by an all-encompassing public transport network that allows for commuting for work or services. The following are such conurbations[10]-

Albury-Wodonga

Canberra-Queanbeyan

Newcastle-Sydney-Wollongong

Perth Metropolitan Region-City of Mandurah-Pinjarra

Due south East Queensland

Melbourne-Geelong

People's republic of bangladesh [edit]

In People's republic of bangladesh, the large population centers which accept significant Financial, political and administrative Importance are considered to be as Metropolitan cities, which are governed by City Corporations. In total, in that location are 12 City Corporations in People's republic of bangladesh.[11] 4 of them (Dhaka North City Corporation, Dhaka South City Corporation, Narayanganj Urban center Corporation, Gazipur City Corporation) are part of Greater Dhaka Conurbation .

Brazil [edit]

In Brazil, "Metropolitan Regions", "Integrated Development Areas", and "Urban Agglomerations" are created past statute. Each state defines its own legislation for the creation, definition and organization of a metropolitan region.[12] The creation of a metropolitan region is not for any statistical purpose, although the Brazilian Plant of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) uses them in reports. Their main purpose is to meliorate management of public policies of common interest to all municipalities included within. They do not accept any political, electoral or jurisdictional power whatsoever, so citizens do non elect representatives for them.

The IBGE defines also "Immediate Geographic Areas" (formerly termed microregions) which capture the region "surrounding urban centers for the supply of firsthand needs of the population".[13] Intended for policy planning purposes, equally of March 2021 census data is not tabulated on the level of these Areas, just instead at the municipality or state level.[xiv]

Canada [edit]

Statistics Canada defines a demography metropolitan area (CMA) every bit an expanse consisting of one or more side by side municipalities situated around a major urban core. To form a CMA, the metropolitan area must have a population of at least 100,000, at least half inside the urban core. To be included in the CMA, adjacent municipalities must have a high caste of integration with the cadre, equally measured by commuter flows derived from census data.[xv]

Cathay [edit]

In Chinese, there used to be no articulate distinction betwixt "megalopolis" ( 城市群 , lit. urban center cluster) and "metropolitan area" ( 都市圈 ) until National Development and Reform Commission issued Guidelines on the Cultivation and Development of Mod Metropolitan Areas ( 关于培育发展现代化都市圈的指导意见 ) on February 19, 2019, in which a metropolitan expanse was defined as "an urbanized spatial form in a megalopolis dominated past (a) supercity(-ies) or megacity(-ies), or a big metropolis playing a leading part, and within the basic range of 1-hour commute area."[xvi]

European Union [edit]

The Eu'southward statistical agency, Eurostat, has created a concept named "larger urban zone" (LUZ). The LUZ represents an endeavour at a harmonised definition of the metropolitan area, and the goal was to have an surface area from which a significant share of the residents commute into the city, a concept known as the "functional urban region".[17]

France [edit]

France'south national statistics institute, the INSEE, names an urban cadre and its surrounding expanse of commuter influence an aire urbaine (official translation: "urban area"[18]). This statistical method applies to agglomerations of all sizes, but the INSEE sometimes uses the term aire métropolitaine (metropolitan area) to refer to France's largest aires urbaines.

Germany [edit]

In German definition, metropolitan areas are eleven most densely populated areas in the Federal Republic of Federal republic of germany. They contain the major German language cities and their surrounding catchment areas and form the political, commercial and cultural centres of the land.

For urban centres outside metropolitan areas, that generate a similar allure at smaller scale for their region, the concept of the Regiopolis and respectively regiopolitan area or regio was introduced by German professors in 2006.

India [edit]

In India, a metropolitan city is defined as ane with a population more than one meg.[19]

Republic of indonesia [edit]

In Indonesia, the government of Indonesia defines a metropolitan area as an urban agglomeration where its spatial planning is prioritised due to its highly important influence on the country. Currently, at that place are 10 metropolitan cities in Indonesia that have been recognized past the authorities.[twenty]

Italia [edit]

In 2001, Italy transformed fourteen provinces of some of the country'due south largest cities into Metropolitan Cities. Therefore the territory of the Metropolitan Metropolis corresponds to that of a normal Italian province.

Nihon [edit]

In Japan, a metropolitan area ( 都市圏 ) is a partition ready separately from authoritative areas in guild to ascertain broad urban areas used in the Census conducted past the Statistics Bureau of the Ministry building of Internal Affairs and Communications.

The Greater Tokyo Area is the well-nigh populous metropolitan area in the world.

  • Central Urban center ( 中心市 )
    • Those of the greater metropolitan areas are the 23 special wards in the metropolis of Tokyo and other designated cities.
    • Those of the metropolitan areas are cities with a population of more than half of a 1000000, which are not included in the greater metropolitan areas.

If the primal cities are next to each other, the areas are integrated into 1 large area.

  • Surrounding Municipality ( 周辺市町村 , lit. 'surrounding cities, towns and villages')
    • Those are municipalities with ratios of the number of people commuting to the fundamental city over xv years old being i.5% or more than of the permanent population of and close to the central cities.

If a municipality is surrounded by the surrounding municipalities, it will exist a surrounding municipality.

Mexico [edit]

Metropolitan areas are known equally zonas metropolitanas in Mexico. The National Population Council (CONAPO) defines them as:[21]

  • a set up of two or more municipalities where a metropolis with a population of at least 100,000 is located, and whose urban surface area, functions and activities exceed the limits of the municipality.
  • municipalities with a metropolis of more 500,000 inhabitants, or a metropolis of more than 200,000 inhabitants located in the northern and southern border areas and in the littoral zone.
  • municipalities where state capitals are located, if they are non already included in a metropolitan zone.

As of 2018, there are 74 zonas metropolitanas in Mexico. 75.one million people, 62.8% of the state population, live inside a metropolitan area.[21]

Pakistan [edit]

Pakistan has ix metropolitan areas with populations greater than a million. Vii of these are entirely in Punjab including Lahore, Faisalabad, Gujranwala, Multan, Bahawalpur, Sargodha, and Sialkot; one (Islamabad-Rawalpindi is separate betwixt Punjab and the Islamabad Capital Territory; two are located in Sindh, including Karachi, the largest metropolitan area in the country, and Hyderabad; 1 in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Peshawar; and the final in Balochistan: Quetta.

Philippines [edit]

The Philippines currently has three metropolitan areas defined past the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA). These metropolitan areas are separated into three master geographical areas; Metro Manila (which is located in Luzon), Metro Cebu (which is located in Visayas), and Metro Davao (which is located in Mindanao). The official definition of each expanse does non necessarily follow the actual extent of continuous urbanization. For instance, the built-up area of Metro Manila has long spilled out of its officially defined borders into the next provinces of Bulacan, Rizal, Laguna, and Cavite. The number of metropolitan areas in the Philippines was reduced from 13 in 2007 to the current iii based from the 2017–2022 Philippine Development Plan past NEDA. The other 10 metropolitan areas were Metro Angeles, Metro Bacolod, Metro Baguio, Metro Batangas, Metro Cagayan de Oro, Metro Dagupan, Metro Iloilo–Guimaras, Metro Butuan, Metro Naga, and Metro Olongapo.

South Africa [edit]

The Greater Johannesburg metropolitan area is the largest metropolitan area in South Africa. Its population was over 9.vi 1000000 equally of the 2011 South Africa Census, in dissimilarity to its urban area, which consisted of approximately 7.9 million inhabitants as of 2011. Conversely, metropolitan municipalities in S Africa are defined as commonly governed areas of a metropolitan area. The largest such metropolitan municipal authorities entity in Southward Africa is the Metropolis of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality, which presided over nearly 5 million people as of 2016. Still, the Greater Johannesburg metropolitan area houses roughly ten times the population of its cadre municipal city of Johannesburg, which independent 957,441 people as of the 2011 census.

Sweden [edit]

Sweden defines a metropolitan expanse as a group of municipalities, based on statistics of commuting between central municipalities and surrounding municipalities and taking into account existing planning cooperation in the country'south three geographic regions.[22] They were defined around 1965. In 2005, a number of further municipalities were added to the divers areas.

Turkey [edit]

The word metropolitan describes a major city in Turkey similar Istanbul, a metropolis that is ascendant to others both financially and socially.[23] There are 30 officially defined "state metropolitan areas" in Turkey, for governing purposes.[24]

Uk [edit]

The United kingdom regime's Part for National Statistics defines "travel to work areas" equally areas where "at least 75% of an expanse'southward resident workforce piece of work in the area and at least 75% of the people who work in the area also live in the area".[25]

United States [edit]

Every bit of Feb 28, 2013, the United States Office of Direction and Upkeep (OMB) defined i,098 statistical areas for the metropolitan areas of the U.s.a. and Puerto Rico.[26] These ane,098 statistical areas comprise 929 Core-Based Statistical Areas (CBSAs)[27] and 169 Combined Statistical Areas (CSAs).[28] The 929 Core-Based Statistical Areas are divided into 388 Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs – 381 for the U.S. and seven for Puerto Rico)[29] and 541 Micropolitan Statistical Areas (μSAs – 536 for the U.Southward. and five for Puerto Rico).[xxx] The 169 Combined Statistical Areas (166 for the U.S. and three for Puerto Rico) each incorporate 2 or more side by side Core Based Statistical Areas.

The Office of Management and Budget defines a Metropolitan Statistical Area as one or more adjacent counties or county equivalents that have at to the lowest degree one urban area of at least l,000 population, plus adjacent territory that has a high degree of economic and social integration with the core equally measured by commuting ties. The OMB then defines a Combined Statistical Area as consisting of various combinations of next metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas with economic ties measured by commuting patterns. The Office of Management and Budget further defines a core-based statistical expanse (CBSA) to exist a geographical surface area that consists of i or more counties (or equivalents) anchored by an urban centre of at least 10,000 people plus adjacent counties that are socioeconomically tied to the urban center past commuting.

Encounter too [edit]

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ Material in this section was based on Australian Agency of Statistics (ABS) information, © Commonwealth of Australia, and includes text supplied by ABS that is quoted verbatim, as permitted under Creative Commons CC Past 4.0 licence.

References [edit]

  1. ^ https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/59481
  2. ^ Squires, One thousand. Ed. Urban Sprawl: Causes, Consequences, & Policy Responses. (The urban Found Press (2002)
  3. ^ Mark, M.; Katz, B; Rahman, S.; Warren, D. (2008). "MetroPolicy: Shaping A New Federal Partnership for a Metropolitan Nation" (PDF). Brookings Institution. pp. 4–103.
  4. ^ "Definition of Urban Terms" (PDF). demographia.com . Retrieved 22 October 2013.
  5. ^ https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/metro-micro/geographies/reference-files/2020/depiction-files/list2_2020.xls
  6. ^ Prof. Dr. Iris Reuther (FG Stadt- und Regionalplanung, Universität Kassel): Presentation "Regiopole Rostock". xi Dec 2008, retrieved xiii June 2009 (pdf).
  7. ^ "Metropolitan and Micropolitan". Retrieved 27 April 2016.
  8. ^ Whitehouse.gov Archived 2009-07-23 at the Wayback Auto
  9. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (12 July 2016). "GREATER Majuscule CITY STATISTICAL Expanse (GCCSA)". Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS). Canberra, Deed. 1 (1270.0.55.001). Retrieved 20 June 2021.
  10. ^ "Conurbation", Wikipedia, 2021-07-26, retrieved 2021-08-02
  11. ^ Muzzini, Elisa; Aparicio, Gabriela (2013). Bangladesh: The Path to Center-Income Status from an Urban Perspective. Washington, D.C.: World Banking concern Publications. p. 52. ISBN978-0-8213-9865-4.
  12. ^ "Metropolitan Areas, Urban Agglomerations and Integrated Development Areas | IBGE". Brazilian Plant of Geography and Statistics. Archived from the original on 2021-04-02. Retrieved 2021-04-02 .
  13. ^ "Regional Divisions of Brazil | IBGE". IBGE. Archived from the original on 2021-04-02. Retrieved 2021-04-02 .
  14. ^ "Population Census | IBGE". www.ibge.gov.br . Retrieved 2021-04-02 .
  15. ^ "Census metropolitan area (CMA) and demography agglomeration (CA)". Statistics Canada. 2007-12-11. Archived from the original on 2018-03-17. Retrieved 2011-03-06 .
  16. ^ "关于培育发展现代化都市圈的指导意见(发改规划〔2019〕328号)" (in Chinese (China)). 国家发展改革委. 2019-02-19.
  17. ^ "Urbanaudit.org". Archived from the original on 2009-02-12.
  18. ^ "INSEE – Definitions and Methods – aire urbaine". INSEE France. Retrieved 2013-09-25 .
  19. ^ "Metropolitan Cities of Bharat" (PDF). Central Pollution Control Board. National Informatics Centre. p. 3. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 28 July 2014.
  20. ^ "Archived re-create". Archived from the original on 2019-09-18. Retrieved 2021-06-15 . {{cite spider web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  21. ^ a b "Delimitation of Mexico'due south Metropolitan Areas 2015" (in Spanish). CONAPO. Retrieved 2020-12-29 .
  22. ^ "Geografin i statistiken – regionala indelningar i Sverigelanguage=sv" (PDF). Statistics Sweden.
  23. ^ "Türk Dil Kurumu, Yabancı Sözlere Karşılıklar Kılavuzu, "metropol"". tdkterim.gov.tr. Archived from the original on 2011-07-21.
  24. ^ Metropolitan municipalities in Turkey
  25. ^ Beginners' guide to Britain geography - Travel to Work Areas (TTWAs) Office for National Statistics
  26. ^ "OMB Bulletin No. 13-01: Revised Delineations of Metropolitan Statistical Areas, Micropolitan Statistical Areas, and Combined Statistical Areas, and Guidance on Uses of the Delineations of These Areas" (PDF). U.s.a. Office of Direction and Budget. February 28, 2013. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 21, 2017. Retrieved April 2, 2013.
  27. ^ The United states Part of Management and Budget (OMB) defines a Cadre-Based Statistical Expanse (CBSA) as ane or more next counties or county equivalents that have at least one urban cadre surface area of at to the lowest degree ten,000 population, plus side by side territory that has a high degree of social and economic integration with the core as measured by commuting ties.
  28. ^ The United states of america Office of Management and Budget (OMB) defines a Combined Statistical Expanse (CSA) as an amass of adjacent Cadre Based Statistical Areas that are linked by commuting ties.
  29. ^ The Usa Function of Management and Budget (OMB) defines a Metropolitan Statistical Expanse (μSA) as a Core Based Statistical Area having at least one urban cluster of at to the lowest degree fifty,000 population, plus adjacent territory that has a loftier degree of social and economic integration with the core as measured past commuting ties.
  30. ^ The United states Office of Management and Upkeep (OMB) defines a Micropolitan Statistical Area (μSA) equally a Core Based Statistical Expanse having at least 1 urban cluster of at to the lowest degree ten,000 only less than 50,000 population, plus side by side territory that has a high degree of social and economic integration with the core as measured by commuting ties.

External links [edit]

  • "The World's Cities in 2016" (PDF). United Nations. October 2016. (page 1 illustrates metropolitan surface area versus metropolis proper and urban agglomeration)
  • Metropolis.org, An arrangement of world metropolises
  • Urban Employment Areas in Japan (Metropolitan Employment Areas in Japan)
  • Turismo.fvg.information technology, (Metropolis read by maps in Friuli Venezia Giulia – Northeast of Italy – EU)
  • Geopolis : research group, academy of Paris-Diderot, France — Urbanization of the world

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitan_area

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